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   Pancake suns
  




  Pancake sun imaged by Luis Carreira (site) at S.Pedro de Moel, Portugal June 2003.

Here the atmosphere's vertical temperature profile is complex. There are at least three layers with different temperatures and the central layer is possibly cooler than those above and below it. Each pancake is an image of a particular slice through the sun. The dim lowest mirage image rises as the sun sets ~ compare this with the similar behaviour of the lower sun in the simple Etruscan vase mirage.

Image ©2003 Luis Carreira, shown with permission.